Ukuthengisa ngokuthe ngqo kwifektri kulinganiswe ngokungqongqo iglasi eyenziwe iiglasi zeprism zamehlo.

Inkcazelo emfutshane:

I-Prism yinto ebonakalayo ejika ukukhanya ngokwe-angle ethile phakathi kokukhanya okuphumayo kunye nokukhanya kwesiganeko.Kwindlela ye-optical, iprism inokutshintsha i-engile phakathi kokukhanya okuphumayo kunye nokukhanya kwesiganeko (njenge-90 °, 180 °, njl.), Susa ukukhanya kwaye utshintshe indlela yomfanekiso.


Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iithegi zeMveliso

I-Prism, into ecacileyo ejikelezwe ziinqwelomoya ezimbini ezinqumlanayo ezingahambelaniyo, ezisetyenziselwa ukwahlula okanye ukusasaza imiqadi yokukhanya.I-Prism yi-polyhedron eyenziwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo (ezifana neglasi, i-crystal, njl.).Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo ze-optical.Iiprism zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezininzi ngokweempawu zazo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.Ngokomzekelo, kwizixhobo ze-spectral, "i-dispersion prism" ebolisa ukukhanya okudibeneyo kwi-spectrum isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengeprism elinganayo;Kwi-periscope, iteleskopu ye-binocular kunye nezinye izixhobo, ukutshintsha indlela yokukhanya ukulungisa indawo yayo yokucinga ibizwa ngokuba yi-"total reflection prism", ethatha ngokubanzi iprism ye-engile yasekunene.

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Ingcaciso:

I-Prism yi-polyhedron eyenziwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo (ezifana neglasi, i-crystal, njl.).Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo ze-optical.Iiprism zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezininzi ngokweempawu zazo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.Ngokomzekelo, kwizixhobo ze-spectral, "i-dispersion prism" ebolisa ukukhanya okudibeneyo kwi-spectrum isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengeprism elinganayo;Kwi-periscope, iteleskopu ye-binocular kunye nezinye izixhobo, ukutshintsha indlela yokukhanya ukulungisa indawo yayo yokucinga ibizwa ngokuba yi-"total reflection prism", ethatha ngokubanzi iprism ye-engile yasekunene.

Fumana:

UNewton wafumanisa ukusasazwa kokukhanya ngowe-1666, yaye amaTshayina ayephambili kunabantu basemzini kulo mbandela.Ngenkulungwane ye-10 ye-AD, amaShayina abiza i-crystal ecacileyo yendalo emva kokukhanya kwelanga "ilitye le-Wuguang" okanye "ilitye le-Guangguang", kwaye yaqonda ukuba "ekukhanyeni kwelanga, iba yimibala emihlanu njenge-neon".Olu lolona lwazi luqalayo lokusasazwa kokukhanya ehlabathini.Kubonisa ukuba abantu baye bakhulula ukusasazeka kokukhanya kwimfihlelo kwaye bayazi ukuba yinto yendalo, eyinkqubela enkulu ekuqondeni ukukhanya.Sekuyiminyaka engama-700 ngaphambi kokuba uNewton aqonde ukuba ukukhanya okumhlophe kubunjwe ngemibala esixhenxe ngokwahlula ukukhanya kwelanga kube yimibala esixhenxe ngeprism.

Ukuhlelwa:

I-Polyhedron eyenziwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo yinto ebalulekileyo ye-optical element.Inqwelomoya apho ukukhanya kungena kwaye kuphuma kubizwa ngokuba yicala, kwaye i-plane perpendicular side ibizwa ngokuba licandelo eliphambili.Ngokwemilo yecandelo eliphambili, linokwahlulwa libe ziiprism ezintathu, iiprism ze-angle ekunene, iiprism ze-pentagonal, njl njl.I-angle yabo edibeneyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-angle ephezulu, kwaye indiza ejongene ne-angle ephezulu yindawo ephantsi.Ngokomthetho we-refraction, ukukhanya kudlula kwi-prism kwaye kuphambukise kabini ukuya ngaphantsi.I-angle edibeneyo Q phakathi kokukhanya okuphumayo kunye nokukhanya kwesiganeko kubizwa ngokuba yi-deflection angle.Ubungakanani bayo bunqunywe yisalathisi se-refractive n kunye nesiganeko se-angle I ye-prism medium.Xa ndilungisiwe, amaza okukhanya ahlukeneyo aneengile ezahlukeneyo zokuphambuka.Ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo, i-engile enkulu yokuphambuka kukukhanya okumfusa kwaye incinci kukukhanya okubomvu.

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Umsebenzi:

Kubomi banamhlanje, i-prism isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zedijithali, isayensi kunye neteknoloji, izixhobo zonyango kunye nezinye iinkalo.
Izixhobo zedijithali eziqhelekileyo: ikhamera, umabonwakude ovaliweyo, iprojekti, ikhamera yedijithali, ikhamera yedijithali, i-CCD lens kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ze-optical; Isayensi kunye neteknoloji: i-telescope, i-microscope, i-level gauge, isixhobo seminwe, ukubona umpu, i-solar converter kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa; Izixhobo zonyango: i-cystoscope, i-gastroscope kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwe-laser

Iimbonakalo

Isiko leK9 yeCrystal yeGass eOptical Cube okanye iInfrared Material X-Cube Prism
Iprism idichroic yiprism ecalula ukukhanya kube yimiqadi emibini eyahlukeneyo yobude bobude (umbala).
Indibano ye-drichroic prism idibanisa iiprism ezimbini ze-dichroic ukwahlula umfanekiso ube yimibala emi-3, eqhelekileyo njengobomvu, eluhlaza kunye nobhlowu kwimodeli yombala we-RGB.Zihlala zakhiwe ngeprism enye okanye ngaphezulu zeglasi ezinee-dichroic optical coatings ezibonisa ngokukhethayo okanye zidlulise ukukhanya ngokuxhomekeke kubude bokukhanya.Oko kukuthi, iindawo ezithile ngaphakathi kweprism zisebenza njengezihluzo ze-dichroic.Ezi zisetyenziswa njengezahluli ze-beam kwizixhobo ezininzi ze-optical

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Inzuzo

Ukufakwa kokukhanya okuncinci, uninzi lokukhanya lubhekiswa kwelinye lemiqadi yokuphuma.
Ukwahlula kombala ngcono kunezinye izihluzi ezininzi.
Kulula ukuyila kuyo nayiphi na indibaniselwano yamabhendi okupasa.
Ayifuni ukutolikwa kombala (idemosaicing) kwaye ke inqanda yonke imizobo yobuxoki yombala ebonwa rhoqo kwimifanekiso yedemosaic.


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